What are the standards for masks?
At present, a national fight to prevent and control the new type of coronavirus infection pneumonia has begun. As the "first line of defense" for personal hygiene protection, it is very important to wear a mask that meets epidemic prevention standards. From N95, KN95 to medical surgical masks, the general public may have some blind spots in mask selection. Here we summarize the knowledge points in the standard field to help you understand the common sense of masks.
At present, China's main standards for masks include GB 2626-2006 "Self-priming filtering anti-particulate respirator for respiratory protective equipment", GB 19083-2010 "Technical requirements for medical protective masks", YY 0469-2011 "Technical requirements for medical surgical masks" , GB / T 32610-2016 "Technical Specifications of Daily Protective Masks", etc., covering labor protection, medical protection, civil protection and other fields.
GB 2626-2006 "Respiratory Protective Products Self-priming Filtering Anti-particulate Matter Respirator" was promulgated by the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, and is a compulsory standard for the full text. The protection objects specified in this standard include all kinds of particulate matter, including dust, smoke, mist and microorganisms. It also specifies the production and technical specifications of respiratory protective equipment, and the material, structure, appearance, performance, and filtration efficiency of dust masks ( Dust resistance), respiratory resistance, detection methods, product identification, packaging, etc. have strict requirements.
GB 19083-2010 "Technical Requirements for Medical Protective Masks" was announced by the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, and was implemented on August 1, 2011. This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, signs and instructions for use of medical protective masks, as well as packaging, transportation and storage. It is suitable for filtering particulates in the air and blocking droplets, blood, body fluids, secretions, etc. Self-priming filtering medical protective mask. 4.10 of this standard is recommended, the rest are mandatory.
YY 0469-2011 "Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks" was issued by the State Food and Drug Administration and is a standard for the pharmaceutical industry. It was implemented on January 1, 2005. This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, signs and instructions for use and packaging, transportation and storage of medical surgical masks. The standard stipulates that the bacterial filtration efficiency of masks should not be less than 95%.
GB / T 32610-2016 "Technical Specifications for Daily Protective Masks" was issued by the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, and is China's first national standard for civilian protective masks. It was implemented on November 1, 2016. This standard involves the requirements of mask materials, structural requirements, labeling requirements, appearance requirements, etc. The main indicators include functional indicators of particulate matter filtration efficiency, expiratory resistance indicators, and adhesion indicators. This standard requires that masks should be able to protect mouth and nose safely and securely, and there should be no sharp corners and edges that can be touched. The factors such as formaldehyde, dyes, microorganisms that may cause harm to the human body are specified in order to protect the public. Safety in protective masks.
The most commonly mentioned masks now include KN95, N95, medical surgical masks, etc.
The first is the KN95 mask. According to the classification of national standard GB2626-2006 "Respiratory Protective Products Self-priming Filtering Anti-Particulate Matter Respirator", masks are divided into KN and KP according to the efficiency level of filter elements. KP is suitable for filtering oily particles, and KN is suitable for filtering non-oily particles. Where KN95 masks are tested with sodium chloride particulate matter, the filtration efficiency should be greater than or equal to 95%, that is, the filtration efficiency for non-oily particulate matter greater than 0.075 microns is greater than or equal to 95%.
The N95 mask is one of nine particulate protective masks certified by NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health). "N" means not resistant to oil. "95" indicates that the particle concentration in the mask is more than 95% lower than that of the particles outside the mask when exposed to the specified number of special test particles.
Then came medical surgical masks. According to the definition of YY 0469-2011 "Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks", medical surgical masks are "worn by clinical medical personnel in an invasive operating environment, providing protection for patients undergoing treatment and medical personnel performing invasive operations, preventing Blood, body fluids and splatter-borne medical surgical masks are those worn by medical staff at work. " This type of mask is used in medical clinics, laboratories, operating rooms and other medical environments. It is divided into waterproof layer, filter layer and comfort layer from the outside to the insid
Scientific choice of masks
In addition to providing effective protection, wearing a mask must also take into account the comfort of the wearer and must not bring negative effects such as biological hazards. In general, the higher the protective performance of a mask, the greater the impact on comfort performance. When people wear a mask, they have a certain resistance to air flow when inhaling. When the resistance to inhalation is too large, some people may feel dizzy, chest tightness and other discomforts.
Different people's industries are different and their physiques are different, so the requirements for the seal, protection, comfort, and adaptability of masks are also different. For some special groups, such as children, the elderly, people with respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, it is necessary to carefully choose the type of masks, and to ensure safety and prevent accidents such as hypoxia and dizziness when worn for a long time.
Finally, remind everyone that no matter what type of masks are, they must be handled properly after use to avoid becoming a new source of infection. Prepare a few more masks and replace them in time to build the first line of defense for health protection. I wish you all good health!
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